Capabilities Report
2012
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1. REPORT DATE
12 MAR 2012
2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED
00-00-2011 to 00-00-2012
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Capabilities Report 2012, West Desert Test Center.
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S)
Roger Thompson
5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Office of the Technical Director, West Desert Test Center, Dugway ,UT, 84022-5000
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS (ES)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER
10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
Prepared in cooperation with the Dugway Data Service Team, Dugway, UT.
14. ABSTRACT
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), West Desert Test Center (WDTC), specializes in planning, conducting, and analyzing results of developmental and production tests. Areas of expertise include chemical and biological (CB) defense systems, smoke and obscurants, materiel and delivery systems, munitions and incendiary devices, meteorological research and modeling, environmental characterization and remediation technology testing, and technology transfer to include specialized hands-on CB training for military and civil support teams. The WDTC is staffed with a highly responsive and dynamic organization that uses state-of-the-art laboratories, controlled environmental chamber testing, field testing, and CBW training to support the DPG mission. The WDTC features a diverse and dedicated team of scientists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, technicians, and support personnel who specialize in developmental test and evaluation of chemical and biological defense system testing. The 2012 Capabilities Report consists of the following 10 sections: 1) Dugway Proving Ground Introduction; 2) Dugway Proving Ground Test and Support Facilities; 3) Dugway Test Grids and Training Ranges; 4) Biological Defense; 5) Chemical Test Capabilities; 6) Munitions Testing and Smoke & Obscurants; 7) Dugway Test Support; 8) Meteorology; 9) Specialized Test and Training Facilities and Programs; and 10) Modeling and Simulation.
15. SUBJECT TERMS
Major Range and Test Facility Base; Developmental and Operational Test; Chemical Agents; Biological Agents; Simulants; Munitions; Smoke and Obscurants; Test Grid; Training Range; Meteorology; Atmospheric Transport Dispersion Modeling; BSL-2; BSL-3; Aerosol; Bioaerosol; Biological Agent Production; Individual Protective Equipment; Collective Protection Equipment; Swatch; Contamination Avoidance; Decontamination; Instrumentation; Lidar; Modeling; Simulation; Distributed Test Control Center; Chambers; Tunnels; Dynamic Test; Environmental Test; DNA Sequencing; Biosurveillance; Point Detector; Standoff Detector; Dissemination.
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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)
Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
Foreword
The 2012 Capabilities Report has been expanded to include a more complete look at the myriad of test and test-related capabilities offered at Dugway Proving Ground. New features include: Biological Defense that highlights aerosol testing, microbiological analyses, production of agents and simulants, biosurety/biosafety, and rapid identification of unknown microorganisms; the small item decontamination system; munitions testing; smoke and obscurants; light detection and ranging (lidar) systems; radar systems; test data acquisition; and test event imaging. This edition includes feature articles entitled "Preview the Future" which describes new capabilities that are being developed at the West Desert Test Center. The Publisher wishes to thank the numerous subject matter experts who provided their expertise in the preparation of this report, and especially acknowledge the contributions of the following individuals: Lindsay France, Tracy Lay, Teri Street, James Pearson, Nyle Critchlow, Charles Hobson, Cheri Williams, and the Test Data Imaging Branch for access to the photo archives, along with the many Dugway photographers whose capabilities in their own right are unsurpassed.
Additional information on West Desert Test
Center capabilities may be obtained from:
Paula Thomas
Public Affairs Officer
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground
5450 Doolittle MS#2
Dugway, UT 84022-5002
435-831-3409
paula.a.thomas23.civ@mail.mil
West Desert Test Center Capabilities Report
Publisher: Business Development Branch, 4531 B
Street, Dugway, Utah 84022
Telephone: 435-831-7059
Capabilities Report Point of Contact: Jean Baker
Project Manager: Roger Thompson, Technical
Writer/Editor, Science & Technology Corporation
Cover Photo by Charles Hobson: General Atomics' Blitzer™ electromagnetic railgun air defense prototype system test.
Table of Contents
Section 1 - Dugway Proving Ground Introduction . 1
Dugway Proving Ground - Overview and Mission . 2
Dugway Proving Ground - Setting . 3
Dugway Proving Ground - Climate . 4
Dugway Proving Ground - Environmental Stewardship . 5
Compliance . 5
Restoration . 6
Conservation/Preservation . 6
West Desert Test Center - Reporting Structure . 7
West Desert Test Center - Organization . 8
Chemical Test Division . 8
Data Sciences Division . 9
Dissemination and Explosives Division . 9
Life Sciences Division . 10
Meteorology Division . 11
Special Programs Division . 12
Test Engineering and Integration Division . 12
Section 2 - Dugway Proving Ground Test and Support Facilities . 14
Dugway Test and Support Facilities . 15
Chemical Laboratories and Test Chambers . 15
Reginald Kendall Combined Chemical Test Facility (CCTF) . 15
Laboratory Building 4165 . 16
Building 3445 . 16
Melvin Bushnell Materiel Test Facility (MTF) . 16
Biological Laboratories and Test Chambers . 17
Lothar Salomon Life Sciences Test Facility (LSTF) . 17
Baker Laboratory . 18
Building 2032 . 19
Ambient Breeze Tunnel (ABT) . 19
Biological Training Facilities . 19
Multiple Purpose Facilities . 20
Active Standoff Chamber (ASC) . 20
Joint Ambient Breeze Tunnel (JABT) . 20
Carr Test Support and Storage Complex . 20
Michael Army Airfield (MAAF) . 21
Joint Ambient Breeze Tunnel . 22
Active Standoff Chamber . 24
Section 3 - Dugway Test Grids and Training Ranges . 25
Dugway Test Grids and Training Ranges . 26
Test Grids . 27
Targets R & S . 28
Tower Grid . 28
Aerial Spray Grid . 29
All Purpose Grid . 29
V-Grid . 29
Downwind Grid . 29
Horizontal Grid . 29
M76 Grid . 29
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Romeo Grid . 29
West Vertical Grid . 29
Ranges and Impact Areas . 30
German Village . 30
White Sage Mortar Range (WSMR) . 30
White Sage Impact Area . 30
Wig Mountain Impact Area . 30
Wig Range . 31
West Granite Impact Area . 31
Dugway Thermal Treatment Facility . 31
Radiological Assessment and Detection Pad (Rad Pad) . 31
Training Areas . 32
Range Support, Control, and Scheduling . 33
Dugway Test Grids - Preview the Future . 34
Section 4 - Biological Defense . 35
Biological Defense Overview . 36
Biological Testing and Evaluation . 38
Biological Testing Overview . 38
Test Planning and Staffing . 38
Detector Laboratory Tests . 39
Detector Chamber Tests . 39
Chamber Aerosol Dissemination . 40
Chamber Referee Instrumentation . 41
Whole System Live Agent Testing Full System Chamber - Preview the Future . 42
Detector Tunnel Tests . 43
Tunnel Dissemination Systems . 44
Tunnel Sampling and Referee Instrumentation . 44
Detector Tunnel Test Trials . 45
Detector Field Tests . 46
Detector Test Data Collection . 48
Biological Safari Field Testing . 49
Microbiological Laboratories, Analytical Capabilities, and Instrumentation . 50
Microbiology Capabilities Overview . 50
Biosafety Laboratories . 51
Microbiological Analysis and Instrumentation . 52
Test Sample Analysis . 52
Bacterial and Viral Analysis . 53
Genetic Analysis . 54
Real-Time PCR . 54
DNA Sequencing and Analysis . 55
Production of Biological Agents and Simulants . 56
Production Capabilities Overview . 56
Biological Agent and Simulant Production . 56
Biological Select Agents and Toxins . 56
Agent-like Organisms . 57
Gamma Irradiation of Microorganisms . 57
Chemical Inactivation . 58
Biological Simulants . 58
Quality Control and Analysis . 59
Production Equipment . 59
ii
Fermentors . 59
Centrifuges . 60
Drying and Milling . 60
Biological Particle Characterization . 61
Autoclaves . 61
Storage Systems . 62
Critical Reagents Program . 62
Biological Surety and Safety . 63
Biosurety Overview . 63
Biosurety and Biosafety . 63
Personnel Reliability . 64
Physical Security . 64
Agent Accountability . 65
Biosafety . 65
Institutional Biosafety Committee . 66
Biological Emergency Response Assistance Plan Team . 67
Life Sciences Division Program Support . 68
Section 4.1 - Life Sciences Technologies . 69
Aerosol Simulant Exposure Chambers (ASEC) . 70
Ambient Breeze Tunnel (ABT) . 72
Containment Aerosol Chamber (CAC) . 74
Biosurveillance - Rapid Identification of Unknown Microorganisms . 76
DNA Sequencing . 77
Individual Water Purification System Testing . 79
Biological Defense Training . 81
Section 5 - Chemical Test Capabilities . 83
Chemical Testing Overview . 84
Individual Protective Equipment . 86
I PE Swatch Tests . 86
IPE System Tests . 87
Individual Protection Ensemble Mannequin System (IPEMS) - Preview the Future . 89
Collective Protection Equipment . 90
ColPro Component Tests . 91
ColPro Swatch Tests . 91
Seams and Closures Tests . 92
ColPro Small-Scale Air Filtration Tests . 92
Full-Scale Air Purification Components/Systems Tests . 93
ColPro Full-System Tests . 94
Contamination Avoidance . 97
Detector Laboratory Tests . 97
Point and Standoff Detector Test Fixtures . 98
Chemical Point Detector Tests . 98
Chemical Standoff Detector Tests . 99
Detector Whole-System Tests . 100
Detector Field Testing . 101
Decontamination Testing . 103
Decontamination Efficacy Testing . 103
Decontamination Applicator Testing . 104
Detector Compatibility Testing . 105
CBR Contamination Survivability System Testing . 106
CBR Material Physical Properties Testing . 108
CBR Contamination Survivability Assessment . 108
Chemical Test Division Program Support . 109
Section 5.1 - Chemical Test Technologies . 110
Advanced Air Purification Test Fixture (AAPTF) . Ill
Chemical Cloud Tracking System . 113
Chlorine Detection Systems . 114
Collective Protection Airflow Mapping . 116
Immersion Chamber . 118
Novel Closures Test Fixture (NCTF) . 119
Small Item Decontamination (SID) System . 121
Simulant Agent Resistant Test Manikin (SMARTMAN) . 123
Swatch Including Filter Test (SWIFT) System . 125
Section 5.2 - Chemical Analyses and Laboratory Instrumentation . 127
Chemical Analyses and Laboratory Instrumentation . 128
Chemical Analyses . 128
Laboratory Instrumentation . 129
Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Instrumentation . 129
Gas Chromatography (GC) . 129
Liquid Chromatography (LC) . 129
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) System . 130
Mass Spectrometry . 130
Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) . 130
Single Quadrupole LC/MS . 130
Triple Quadrupole LC/MS System . 131
Ion Trap LC/MS System . 131
Time of Flight (TOF) LC/MS . 131
Spectroscopic Instrumentation . 131
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectrometer . 132
LC-(SPE)-NMR/Mass Spectrometer . 132
Raman Spectrometer . 132
FT-IR Spectrometer . 132
Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) . 133
Steady-State Spectrofluorometer . 133
UV/Visible Absorption Spectrophotometer . 133
Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer . 133
Additional Instrumentation . 133
Immersion Chamber . 133
Miniature Chemical Agent Monitoring System (MINICAMS®) . 133
Section 6 - Munitions Testing and Smoke & Obscurants . 134
Munitions Testing . 135
Smoke, Obscurants, and Interferents . 139
Section 7 - Dugway Test Support . 143
Field Dissemination Systems . 144
Liquid Dissemination . 145
Vapor Dissemination . 145
Aerosol Dissemination . 146
Powder Dissemination . 146
IV
Dissemination by Explosives . 147
Dynamic and Environmental Testing . 148
Dynamic Tests . 149
Vibration/Shock/Loose Cargo . 149
Drop Tests . 149
Slow Cook-Off . 150
Environmental Tests . 150
Altitude (Low Pressure) . 150
High and Low Temperature . 150
Humidity . 151
Fungus . 151
Salt Fog . 152
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) Systems . 153
Radar Systems . 155
Test Data Acquisition and Management . 157
Test Event Imaging . 160
West Desert Technical Information Center . 166
Section 8 - Meteorology . 167
Weather Forecast Systems . 168
Four-Dimensional Weather (4DWX) System . 168
High-Performance Computing . 169
Weather Surveillance Doppler Radars . 170
Meteorological Instrumentation . 171
Instrumentation Descriptions . 171
C-Band Doppler Radar . 171
X-Band Doppler Radar . 172
WindTracer® Doppler LIDAR . 172
Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FM/CW) Boundary Layer Radar . 172
Radar Wind Profilers . 173
Surface Atmospheric Measurement System (SAMS) . 173
Portable Weather Instrumentation Data System (PWIDS) . 173
Mini-SAMS . 174
Sonic Anemometers . 174
Sonic Detection and Ranging (SODAR) . 174
Electric Field Meter Sensors . 174
Lightning Mapping Array . 174
Upper Air Sounding System . 175
Upper-Air Tethered Sounding System . 175
Ceilometers and Sky Imagers . 175
32-Meter Towers . 175
Specialized Meteorological Instrumentation . 176
Surface Layer Turbulence and Environmental Science Test (SL-TEST) Facility . 176
Targeted Meteorological Instrumentation Capabilities . 176
Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling . 177
Model Descriptions . 177
Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (HPAC) . 177
XPAC . 178
Joint Effects Model (JEM) . 178
WebPuff . 178
v
Section 9 - Specialized Test and Training Facilities and Programs . 179
Specialized Test and Training Facilities/Programs . 180
Test Capabilities . 181
Training Capabilities . 182
Special Programs Test and Training Facilities . 183
Training Building Complex . 183
Granite Test Complex . 183
Wig Mountain Test Complex . 184
Mustang Village Urban Test Complex . 184
Avery Tunnel . 184
V-Grid Facility . 185
Bang Boxes . 185
Improved Explosive Device/Improvised Dissemination Device (IED/IDD) Lab . 185
Biological Laboratory Trailer . 185
TTP Development Programs . 186
Advanced Chemical and Biological Integrated Response Course (ACBIRC) . 186
Chemical Energetics Course (CEC) . 186
Chemical/Biological Level 1 . 187
Chemical/Biological Level 2 . 187
CWA/BWA Lab Production Course . 187
Biological Sampling and Detection . 187
Advanced Chemical/Biological Warfare Overview . 187
Mobile Team Training . 188
Additional Modules . 188
Section 10 - Modeling and Simulation . 189
Modeling and Simulation . 190
Modeling and Simulation Overview . 190
Chemical-Biological Simulation Suite . 191
Chemical/Biological Synthetic Natural Environment (CBSNE) . 191
Chemical Biological Dial-A-Sensor™ (DAS) . 191
Dugway Smoke/Obscurant Model (DSOM) . 192
Exposure Toxicity Server (ETS) . 192
Additional Modeling and Simulation Programs . 192
Vapor, Liquid, and Solid Tracking (VLSTRACK) . 192
Flazard Prediction and Assessment Capability (FIPAC) . 193
Joint Effects Model (JEM) . 193
Dugway Collective Protection Model . 193
Dugway Developmental Detector Testbed (D3TB) . 193
M8iS - Preview the Future . 193
Advanced Chemical Release Evaluation System (ACRES) . 194
Dugway Field Test Data Analysis Tool (FTDAT) . 195
Static and Dynamic Software Analysis . 195
Distributed Test Capabilities . 196
Joint Mission Environment Test Capability (JMETC) . 196
TENA WeatherServer (WXS) . 197
Distributed Test Control Center . 198
VI
Section 1
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Dugway Proving Ground - Overview and Mission
On February 6, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt withdrew an initial 126,720 acres of Utah land from the public domain for use by the War Department. Six days later Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) was established, with official activation on March 1; testing was underway by that summer.
After World War II the facility was deactivated, but DPG resumed active status in 1950 and a boom of construction and testing followed. In 1968, DPG consolidated with the Deseret Test Center at Fort Douglas, an operation that lasted until 1973 when Dugway became part of the U.S. Army Test and
Evaluation Command (TECOM) which later became the Developmental Test Command (DTC). Dugway Proving Ground is currently aligned under the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command (Provisional), Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.
Today, Dugway is a Major Range and Test Facility Base, with a primary mission to provide developmental and production testing to support the nation's chemical and biological defense programs. Dugway's West Desert Test Center (WDTC) features physical and human resources that create an exceedingly diverse test facility that meets a broad spectrum of continually evolving test and evaluation requirements.
Biological defense testing j^g y\/DTC facilities, test fixtures, and equipment were designed and built
specifically for Dugway's mission with the technology and procedures having been developed by WDTC scientists, engineers, chemists, microbiologists, and technicians.
Dugway's most valuable asset, however, is its workforce. The WDTC technical staff provides expertise in a broad range of physical and life sciences, and has
unsurpassed experience in the planning and execution of chemical-biological
(CB) test and training programs.
Dugway is the first choice for Army CB defense testing of individual protective equipment (IPE) and collective protection (ColPro) systems, contamination avoidance detection systems, decontamination programs, meteorological technology development, and smoke/obscurants generation and effectiveness.
Chemical testing
Additional capabilities include: systems-of-systems integration, distributed
testing, CB and explosive materials emissions characterization, unique training facilities for military units. Homeland Security, and Civil Support Teams, and testing unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). The West Desert Test Center has the capability to create and fabricate unique fixtures, chambers, and instrumentation suites as required to support individual customer test requirements.
2
Dugway Proving Ground - Setting
Situated about 75 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, Utah (Tooele County), Dugway Proving Ground (DPG) consists of 797,974 acres of Great Basin terrain ranging from level salt flats, to intermittent sand dunes and rugged mountains. Adjacent U.S. Air Force gunnery and bombing ranges extend Dugway's restricted airspace to an area of about 90 miles by 70 miles and up to an elevation of 58,000 feet.
Dugway's 1,252 square miles of sparse desert and restricted airspace provides freedom from urban encroachment and population pressures ensuring distinct and versatile advantages for test planning and execution. Additionally, the DPG test grids and ranges are light pollution-free and acoustically and electronically quiet, which contribute to a test-friendly climate. DPG's average elevation of 4,350 feet above sea level is characteristic of its Great Salt Lake Desert locale but is punctuated by craggy peaks, including 7,082-foot Granite Peak in the center of the installation.
Dugway is bordered to the northeast by the Cedar Mountains and to the south by a series of ranges and valleys, the closest of which is the Dugway Range. The Onaqui Mountains and Davis Mountain are located east of the Army post. The Deep Creek Range lies to the west and marks the boundary of the Great Salt Lake Desert. Extensive basin areas are broken by the topographic relief of the Cedar Mountains, Little Davis Mountain, Simpson Buttes, Camels Back Ridge, Wig Mountain, Granite Peak, and Sapphire Mountain.
Vegetation and animal life is consistent with that found throughout the Great Basin. Small desert plants and hardy grasses and brush are plentiful, with sage and salt brush throughout most of the
range. The range also supports healthy populations of wild mustang, pronghorn antelope, mule deer, coyote, bobcat, kit fox, and a variety of rodents. Owl species, especially great horned owl and burrowing owl, along with hawks and eagles are perennially found on post.
Test grids are primarily located in lower-lying areas with reduced levels of animal life, reducing potential adverse environmental impact.
Lincoln Highway Bridge
Quick Facts
The original configuration of the Lincoln Highway, the nation's first continuous highway from the Atlantic to the Pacific, cut across present-day Dugway Proving Ground. The Lincoln Highway Bridge (built circa 1900*) was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 21, 1975*.
* National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination
3
Dugway Proving Ground - Climate
For most of the year, Dugway Proving Ground experiences a moderate, high desert climate. Summertime highs regularly exceed 90°F, but low humidity (average 59%) levels yield pleasant daytime conditions and cooler evening temperatures. January is the coldest month on post, with an average minimum temperature of 16°F and average maximum of 37°F.
Springtime rain makes up the majority of Dugway's precipitation, which averages between six and seven inches annually. Winter snowfalls are light (17 inches average), but not infrequent. Nearby mountain ranges such as the Deep Creek, Stansbury, and Wasatch mountains receive significant snowfall, with ski resorts in the Wasatch accumulating 400 to 500 inches annually, and occasionally over 600 inches.
Weather patterns and prevailing winds at Dugway are strongly influenced by its terrain. Prevailing winds are from the northwest during afternoon hours and from the southeast at night and during the morning hours. The salt flats along the western and northwestern borders create a contrasting land surface, and the gently sloping terrain between Camelback and Granite mountains cause upslope or downslope winds. These processes largely determine the prevailing winds during the summer.
The pinnacle-like mountains interspersed in the flat terrain are cooler and receive more precipitation than surrounding areas. These mountains, along with the north-south oriented mountain ranges surrounding Dugway, influence local weather patterns by channeling winds and promoting up-and- down slope conditions in mornings and evenings, respectively.
From late spring to late fall, nighttime atmospheric conditions over the primary test ranges are very stable with the absence of storms, producing a consistent and reliable wind pattern enabling effective
test design.
Atmospheric conditions are typically pristine with surrounding mountain ranges 20-60 miles distant often visible. Visibility exceeds 10 miles about 95% of the time. Occasional hazy conditions are usually natural in origin, as Dugway almost never experiences the inversion conditions of nearby populated valleys. Because of Dugway's testing and research activities, extensive climatological data have been and continues to be collected and are available in electronic and hard copy to aid in field test planning.
Devil's Woodpile
4
Dugway Proving Ground - Environmental Stewardship
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground's (DPG) commitment to the environment rests on a four-pillared strategy that includes compliance, restoration, prevention, and conservation. Dugway takes its responsibility for the environment seriously and energetically pursues programs in all four areas.
The Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan (INRMP) is the action plan for the care and wise use of lands entrusted to Dugway. Dugway's command and staff are committed to using an ecosystem management approach to its natural resources program. Ecosystem management helps to protect biological diversity and ensure correct decisions are made regarding the use of renewable natural resources to support DPG's military mission and the needs of Utah and the nation. The INRMP helps
DPG comply with other federal and state laws, such as regulations associated with environmental documentation, wetlands, endangered species, and wildlife management in general.
Compliance
Compliance heavily influences DPG's test mission, and test officers assess and address potential environmental impact issues prior to each test. Environmental compliance regulations have increased dramatically over the years and each one presents a challenge. Dugway is regulated by numerous federal and state environmental statutes and is inspected for compliance by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality among others. The Environmental Technology Office (ETO) reviews all mission test and training programs to ensure compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). These reviews are documented in accordance with Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 651 Environmental Analysis of Army Actions.
The Directorate of Environmental Programs (EP) monitors and inspects all Dugway environmental programs, projects, facilities, and operations, as well as the DPG test and training mission to ensure activities are conducted in accordance with approved environmental policies. EP performs environmental audits to assure adherence to regulatory requirements and to help identify problem areas relative to the environment.
5
Restoration
Dugway's environmental program includes restoration, which reflects the commitment to address the environmental impact of test activities that pre-date current environmental regulations. Dugway supports the Army Installation Restoration Program, a comprehensive program to identify, investigate, and remediate hazardous substances, pollutants, and contaminants at active/operating Army installations. The mission for Army active installation restoration is to perform appropriate, cost-effective cleanup to ensure the property is safe for installation use and to protect human health and the environment.
Young coyote
Conservation/Preservation
Conservation and preservation of our natural resources also play a vital role in the management of Dugway test programs. Dugway works with the Utah State Wildlife Resources Division and the Bureau of Land Management to monitor the wide variety wildlife that resides throughout the installation. DPG also takes great pride in its responsibility to protect unique geological formations present within its
borders. These areas have been identified by The Nature Conservancy, an international non¬ profit organization whose local mission is to preserve Utah's natural diversity.
Juvenile Great Horned Owls
6
West Desert Test Center - Reporting Structure
The West Desert Test Center at Dugway Proving Ground is part of the U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command which includes the following facilities: Aberdeen Test Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland; Electronic Proving Ground, Fort Huachuca, Arizona; Redstone Test Center, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama; White Sands Test Center, White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico; and Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona.
U.S. Department of Defense
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West Desert Test Center - Organization
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), West Desert Test Center (WDTC), specializes in planning, conducting, and analyzing results of developmental and production tests. Areas of expertise include chemical and biological (CB) defense systems, smoke and obscurants, materiel and delivery systems, munitions and incendiary devices, meteorological research and modeling, environmental characterization and remediation technology testing, and technology transfer to include specialized hands-on CB training for military and civil support teams. The WDTC is staffed with a highly responsive and dynamic organization that uses state-of-the-art laboratories, controlled environmental testing, field testing, and CBW training to support the DPG mission. The WDTC features a diverse and dedicated team of scientists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, technicians, and support personnel who specialize in developmental test and evaluation of chemical and biological defense system testing.
Chemical Test Division
The Chemical Test Division protects the U.S. and its allies from chemical threats through expert planning, management, and execution of developmental and operational testing. Testing includes individual and collective protection equipment, contamination avoidance systems, and decontamination systems and processes. Customer projects are evaluated by division scientists. Project teams are assembled from each branch and draw on a high level of expertise in project design, methodology development, and testing with chemical agents, simulants, and toxic industrial chemicals/toxic industrial materials (TIC/TIM).
• Chemical Test Branch manages test projects for the Army and various customers in the areas of chemical defense, including testing of protection, detection, decontamination, integrated platform systems, chemical information systems, and survivability testing. Test directors manage test teams and are responsible for overall planning, cost estimating, financial management, scheduling, conduct, data analysis, evaluation, reporting of results, and retrograde of assigned tests and programs. Branch scientists direct research projects to develop new, or adapt or improve existing chemical, biochemical, physical, and instrumental sampling and analytical techniques and procedures used to analyze chemical agents and simulants, and in the detection and analysis of environmental pollutants.
• The Test Execution Branch provides certified, accredited technicians who install, calibrate and perform operational checks of complex real-time detection and monitoring equipment used to detect toxic chemicals and simulants in support of the test mission. Scientists and chemists conduct physical and chemical analyses of agents, simulants, tracers, and toxic industrial materials. The branch operates and maintains the Combined Chemical Test Facility, Building 3445, Defensive Test Chamber, Bushnell Materiel Test Facility, and other facilities in support of simulant and chemical agent test requirements. In addition, the branch supports chemical surety transfer operations, special chemical surety investigation operations (range recovered ordnance), and other chemical surety related activities requiring total containment.
• Chemical Science Branch staff plans, conducts, evaluates, and reports on methodology improvement programs to refine and improve test capabilities, operational processes, test design, analytical procedures, and test data. Scientists provide technical expertise in the areas of chemical agents, simulants, and pollutants and their detection, collection, sampling, and analysis. Branch staff identifies requirements and provides input and specifications for the design and improvement of test systems to meet data and accuracy requirements for specific tests. The branch develops, coordinates, and administers the division Quality Management System.
Data Sciences Division
The Data Sciences Division manages the WDTC information technology systems, provides data planning and analysis services, and programming and software development support. The preeminent component of WDTC information technology is the Test Mission Support System (TMSS) which collects, transfers, and stores test data.
Information assurance (IA) measures protection and defends the information and information systems by ensuring availability, integrity, authentication, confidentiality, and non-repudiation. Measures include managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information or data and the systems and processes used for those purposes, and providing for restoration of information systems by incorporating protection, detection, and reaction. IA encompasses not only digital information but the physical security and environment controls that house those systems.
• The Test Design and Analysis (TDA) Branch serves as test program data team leaders and data managers for WDTC tests/experiments. TDA is involved from the planning stage (creating test matrices using design of experiment techniques, establish data streams and instrumentation requirements, and creating the data management plan) through data archival. TDA also plans the data collection, merges and reduces raw test data, performs statistical analysis, and provide customized data packages such as graphs, tables, and test incident reports. The branch provides direct test support through modeling and simulation (M&S) at appropriate levels of fidelity to support CB and other test programs.
• Systems Architecture (SA) Branch manages the Test Mission Support System (TMSS), the overarching enterprise environment that supports the test mission at WDTC. The SA branch provides data transport from acquisition to archive via the test network (TNET) and facilitates the connection to the RDT&E community utilizing the Defense Research and Engineering Network (DREN). In addition, the SA branch provides secure data storage for information collected from field and laboratory tests. The SA branch also creates procurement requests for IT requirements for WDTC, and develops custom systems and software for requirements that have no off-the-shelf solution. The branch maintains and operates the Distributed Test Control Center (DTCC), which provides the capability to control and observe local testing on the range as well a capability to participate in distributed tests.
Dissemination and Explosives Division
The Dissemination and Explosives Division supports other WDTC organizations, such as the Chemical Test Division, Life Sciences Division, and Special Programs Division, in test trials that require dissemination of chemical-biological (CB) simulants and battlefield interferents, or tests involving explosive detonations. Division personnel maintain and operate test sites, firing ranges, and bunkers for artillery, mortars, mines, insensitive munitions, and other explosives.
• Dissemination Branch staff prepare and disseminate CB simulants (liquid, vapor, aerosol, or powder), toxic industrial chemicals (TIC), and battlefield interferents for outdoor and chamber testing through an array of mobile, stationary and explosive dissemination systems. Branch technicians have the unique capability to produce large quantities (up to 55 gallons) of liquid chemical simulant and TICs for dissemination during field tests. Dissemination and explosives specialists can design and fabricate new dissemination equipment or fixtures to meet customer requirements.
• The Explosives Test Branch maintains, deploys, functions, and operates weapons systems in support of the WDTC mission. Certified operators handle and transport munitions, explosives, ammunition, and ammunition components, as well as locate, recover, and dispose unsafe munitions. The branch provides unexploded ordinance (UXO) support for Dugway Proving Ground and the WDTC.
• The Smoke and Obscurants Branch supports military programs on developmental smoke and obscurant producing munitions testing, as well as illuminating munitions testing and characterization. The branch utilizes smoke, obscurants, and battlefield interferents in support of CB detection system tests and to provide smoke and battlefield contaminants during air filtration systems tests.
• Ammunition Accountability coordinates the receipt, storage, and distribution of ammunition. Chemical surety material and emerging threat material used at Dugway are under surety control procedures established in accordance with DoD, U. S. Army, Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC), and DPG regulations. All munitions and agents are placed into storage that meets compatibility and explosive license requirements in accordance with security procedures. Ammunition Accountability staff also manages the Commander's Amnesty Program for the test center.
Life Sciences Division
The Life Sciences Division (LSD) blends the expertise of its dedicated staff with state-of-the-art facilities to conduct developmental and operational testing of biological defense systems and medical countermeasures programs for the Department of Defense (DoD) and other federal government and microbiological industry clients. Scientists, microbiologists, and technicians design, implement, and validate biodefense programs for protection and detection systems utilizing biosafety laboratories, unique environmentally-controlled aerosol chambers, and Dugway's outdoor test grid.
• The Aerosol Technology Branch operates biosafety laboratories and test fixtures capable of safely aerosolizing biological simulants and select agents to test biological detection systems and the effects of contamination/decontamination on material and equipment. Branch test officers have extensive experience supporting large, outdoor biological simulant aerosol test programs. Capabilities include biodefense system testing with simulants and agent-like organisms (ALO) within BSL-1 and BSL-2 laboratories and chambers, and the only DoD-certified BSL-3 chambers to test with live, aerosolized biological warfare agents, bacteria, viruses, and biological toxins. A =4000 ft3 BSL-3 whole-system live agent test (WSLAT) chamber is expected to be on-line in 2012, providing Dugway with an internationally distinct capability.
• Microbiology Branch scientists and microbiologists support Dugway test programs, the DoD, and federal agencies, such as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), with: bacterial and viral analysis, genetic molecule analysis (including genome sequencing and optical mapping), protein molecule analysis, and microbial identification analysis. Microbiology branch biological production capabilities include threat-representative select agents, toxins, bacteria and viruses, plus ALOs used in chamber and field testing. A post-production laboratory dries and mills test materials. The branch serves as the antigen repository for the Critical Reagents Program (CRP) and is an Accredited Certified Reference Material (CRM) Producer (ISO 17025 and 34.2009).
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• The Regulatory Science and Innovation (RSI) Branch protects the workforce, public, and environment by ensuring that all tests and training programs performed within LSD are safe and in compliance with all federal, state, DoD, and Army regulations. RSI staff provides leading-edge development and validation of new or improved methods for agent analysis, simulant development, and focused tests to simulate battlefield or other customer-required environments. The RSI staff consults with test directors, program managers, and other customers for the best innovative practices to comply with unique and new technologies used in biological testing to meet all biological safety, surety management, and compliance regulations for biological test programs. Training specialists (microbiologists) conduct internal microbiological courses for Life Sciences staff, as well as hands-on biological training for military and civilian emergency response personnel, including signature recognition, detection, identification, and hazard analysis. RSI specializes and consults on large-scale decontamination tests with different decontamination modalities based on the area being decontaminated. RSI also performs small and medium scale decontamination operations in addition to equipment decontamination and validation. RSI is dedicated to the effort and capabilities of enabling biosurveillance through coordinated and integrated national and international systems, as well as among federal, state, local, tribal governments, and the private sector.
Meteorology Division
Dugway's Meteorology Division is the oldest continuously operating weather and climate organization in the Army. Today it provides meteorological, climatological, and test support for DPG; weather modeling support for all other Army test ranges and proving grounds; meteorology project management for CB defense atmospheric transport and dispersion (ATD) model development and validation; and serves as program manager for the ATEC Research, Development, Test and